Determining the quality of water well machinery materials requires systematic testing of material type, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance to ensure sufficient strength and durability in complex underground environments.
1. Verify Material Standards and Design Requirements
Key components of water well machinery (such as well casing, drill pipe, and pump body) should comply with national or industry standards:
Reinforced concrete well casings should meet the requirements of GB/T11836-2009 and ASTM C76-2020;
Metal well casings are commonly made of 304, 316, or 316L stainless steel or Q345 high-strength steel, and must comply with the GB50010-2010 design specification;
Plastic well casings (such as PVC and PE) should meet hygiene and safety standards and be suitable for drinking water projects.
2. Chemical Composition Analysis: The content of elements such as Cr, Ni, Mo, and C in the metallic material is detected using a spectrometer to verify compliance with standards:
304 Stainless Steel: Contains Cr ≥ 18% and Ni ≥ 8%;
316L Stainless Steel: An additional 2–3% Mo is added, significantly improving resistance to chloride ion corrosion;
If the test reveals excessive levels of impurity elements (such as S and P), it may affect the material's toughness and weldability.
3. Mechanical Property Testing:
Tensile Strength and Yield Strength: Determined through tensile testing. The tensile strength of Q345 steel should be ≥ 510 MPa, and the yield strength ≥ 345 MPa;
Hardness Testing: Detected using a Brinell or Rockwell hardness tester to avoid materials that are too soft leading to excessive wear or too hard causing brittle fracture;
Impact Toughness: Impact loads are simulated at low temperatures to evaluate the material's crack resistance, especially suitable for equipment used in cold regions.
